Features in the Indian Constitution Borrowed from Other Nations

Name of Countries	Borrowed Features of the Constitution
Britain	Ø  Parliamentary government Ø   Rule of Law Ø  Legislative procedure Ø  Single citizenship Ø   Cabinet system Ø   Prerogative writs Ø  Parliamentary privileges Ø   Bicameralism
Ireland	Ø  Directive Principles of State Policy Ø   Method of Election of the president Ø  Members nomination to the Rajya Sabha by the President
Unites States of America	Ø  Impeachment of the president Ø  Functions of president and vice-president Ø   Removal of Supreme Court and High court judges Ø  Fundamental Rights Ø   Judicial review Ø  Independence of judiciary Ø  Preamble of the constitution
Canada	Ø  Centrifugal form of federalism where the centre is stronger than the states. Ø  Residuary powers vest with the centre Ø   Centre appoints the Governors at the states Ø  Advisory jurisdiction of the supreme court
Australia	Ø  Concept of Concurrent list Ø  Article 108 i.e. Joint sitting of the two houses Ø  Freedom of trade and commerce
USSR (Now Russia)	Ø  Fundamental duties Ø  The ideals of justice (social, economic and political), expressed in the Preamble.
France	Ø  Concept of  “Republic” Ø  Ideals of Liberty, Equality and Fraternity(contained in the Preamble)
Germany	Ø  Fundamental Rights are suspended during Emergency
South Africa	Ø  Election of members of the Rajya Sabha Ø   Amendment of the Constitution
Japan	Ø  Concept of “procedure established by Law”